Coke oven apparatus



June 7, 1932. J. A. B. LOVETT I 1,862,028

COKE OVEN APPARATUS Filed Feb. 12, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet. l

I N VEN TOR.

JABLoyef).

June7, 1932.

J. B. LOVETT COKE OVEN APPARATUS Filed Feb.

12. 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 M m m m JABLovefi.

June 7, i932. A, B V TT 1,862,028

COKE OVEN APPARATUS Filed Feb. 12, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. I 7 JA.B. Love72.

PatentedJune 7., 1932 UNITED STATES PAT ENT. err es JAMES A. B. LOVETT, F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOTPERS COMPANY, A CORPORATION DELAWARE COKE ovniv-nrrannrns Application filed February 12, 1 927. Serial No. 167,611

My invention relates to coke ovenlappa- 'ratus and it has particular relation to means v provide'simple and eflicient means forpreventing the formation of hard, solid carbon deposits on the roofs and side walls of coke ovens. I

A further object of my invention is to pro vide means automatically controlled in accordance with their position in the oven for removing any foreign material that may be deposited on the roofsv or walls of coke ovens. In the operation of coke ovens as usually practiced, especially when ovens are charged with fine coal, :1 hard, solid deposit of carbon forms on the roof and a portion of the side walls thereof above the charge. The deposit is known as roof carbon. This deposit, if undisturbed, gradually grows in thickness and it is customary to remove as much of it as possible during the allotted empty period of the oven. 7 j r The process of removal, which is known as scurfing, requires considerable time and must take place between .the operations of pushing and charging the oven. The scurfing time may be varied by increasing or diminishing the number of ovens left empty between the pushing and the charging of any individual oven. In. addition, there must be employed apparatus, such, for example, as a steam jet for supplying larger quantities of air through the oven and across the top ,In order to avoid the loss of time in operation of the oven and thelabor and expense incident to the removal of such deposits, 1

have foundthat the deposits maybe prevented by removing the materials of which they are composed at intervals sufliciently frequent to prevent carbonformation.

Various theories have been advanced as to the cause of carbon deposits in coke ovens,

but my investigations have substantiatedthe v facts that such deposits arecaused by particles of coal that are blownup against the roof and theside walls the charging thereof in an effort to burn the car-' bon deposit.

of the oven. "These par-ticles, reason of the heat of the walls, are softened and caused to adhere to the brickwork above the coal line. In addition, if any air'enters the oven I as by leak-age, imperfect combustion of gases of distillation occurs and lamp-black is formed, which; also adheres to the interior of approximately 24 hours,the volatile matter is drivenout of the coal particles and only carbon and a small amount of ash remain. The result is that a hard, solid dethe oven above the charge of coal-and-this deposit is removed only with difficulty.

In accordance with my invention, 'I'pro nozzles is automatically controlledby the position of the ram and the nozzles in the oven. i

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view, in side elevation, of a pusher machine with my invention applied thereto;

Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of acoke oven with aportion of the pusher ram in position therein;

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus of surfaces: above the charge of coal. If this material is allowed to remain for a period posit of carbonis formed on the surfaces of v connecting the movable and the stationary portionsof the fluid pressure line; and

Fig-7 is a diagrammatic-view of the automatic means for controlling the fluid pres sureline.

Referring chine 1 that is adapted to operate in connection with a coke-oven battery (not shown) is mounted on rails 2' that-are parallel to the to Figsgl, QLa-nd 5, a pusher mav 7 on the ram 3.

' A fluid pressure systei a hosereel 13, flexiblehose 1 1,," a pipe that extends'along the upper surface of the ram 3 and nozzles 16 that are located adjacent the upperend of the rain head i. :The nozzles 16 are mounted at an angle to the vertical.

Reference may now be had to Fig. 6, in

which the details of the connections between the pipe line 12 and the flexible hose 14 are illustrated. The reel 13, upon which the hose 14: is wound, comprises a shaft 18' having a pas'sagewayl9 through a portion thereof and which is connected througha lateral opening to the hose 1%. The end of the shaft 18, containing the-passageway 19, extends into a Stllfilllg'bOX 20 that is connected to the pipe line 12. The stuffing box 20 may be provided with packing ofanysuitable material, indicated at 21, whereby there is no leakage ofair' between the rotating shaft 18 and the I stationary portions of the stufiing box.

. The shaft 18 is mounted insuitable bearings 23 and is provided at the end opposite from the stufiin'g box with a drum 24, upon which is wound a cable 25 that extends over a pulley 26. At'theouter end of the cable 25,- weights .27 are suspended for yieldingly-maintaining the reel 13 in position with the hose 14 completely wound thereon. V

The connections between the tank 10 and the nozzles 16 are controlled by a suitable valve 28 in the pipe line 12. While this valve may be of any suitable or usual charactergit has been illustrated in Fig. 7 for convenience as of the globe type and controlled by an electromagnet 29; The circuitof the'co-il of the electromagnet 29 is controlled by a limit switch mechanism 30 comprising pairs oflimitswitches 31 and 32 and acam nut 33 that is actuated by a screw 3 1, the latter being operatively connected to the driving mechanism of the ram 3 by means of asproclretand-chain mechanism 35, whereby the posi-.

tion of the cam nut 33 is dependent upon the position of the ram 3 with respect to the coke oven within which the ram is operating,

' It may be assumed thatthecolre oven'36, a

portion of which is illustrated in Figs. 3fand 4t, is being .pushed and that the ram 3 is adjacent the outerend of the oven on the pusher side. It may be assumed further that there is an accumulation of carbonaceous material 3'? on the surfaces above the coke. The switches with which the pusher machine 1 is provided, comprises a compressed air tank 10, a compressor 11,-

pipe lin'e 12, extending from the tank 10 to 31, for example, are closed and the switches 32 are open. When the pusher head 4 IS a short distance within the oven, the'switches 32 s are operated to close the circuit of the electroinagnet 29 and the valve 28 is operated to admit compressed air to the pipe line12and the other connections to the nozzles 16.

. .The nozzles 16, which are adjacent to the roof and to the upper portions of the side Walls of the oven, 'apply'blasts ofv air tothe adjacent surfaces and effectually blow any soot .01 particles of coal or loose carbon from the walls. When therani 3 approaches the tery, the cam nut 33 operates the limit switches '31 to open the circuit ,of-' the elecendof the oven on the colre side ofthe ba tromagnet 29 and the valve 30 is closed by a When the ram is reversed and reaches a point corresponding to that at which the supply of air was cutoff, the limit switches 31 are again, closed and air is suppliedto the nozzle 16 throughout the return move-inent'of the rain. W hen the rain 3 approaches the end of the oven on the pusher side, the switches 32 operate to open the circuit of theelectro magnet 29 and the supply of air is again cut ofi. It will be-understood'that no air issup-' plied until therein '3 is operated iii-connection with the next oven on the pushing schedule. I i I During the operation of the ra n '3 into the oven .36, the reel 13 rotates to unwind the hose 1 1 to'the' extent thatis required, the weights 27 being lifted correspondingly. The con nections between the pipe line 12 and the hose ll are maintained airtight during the'relative movement of the parts of the stufiing box 20.

During the return movement of the ram, the weights 2? operate the reel 13 to hose l4. r

The supply ofair in the 10 is maintained by the-compressor 11, which maybe controlled by an arrangement similar to that of the well-known compressors of street-rail way cars in "which a pressure-controlled switch effects the operation of the coinpressorwhen the pressure falls to a minimum valueand discontinu'es the operation of the compressor when the pressure reaches a maximum value and in which the maximum and minimum valuesinay be adjusted asdesired. These details are'neither illustrated o'r described sincethey constitute no part-of the present invention.

lVhile I have referred in the "specification to roofs and Walls of coke ovens, it will be unrewind the derstood that the term wall, as" used in the claims,'is used in its generic sense to refer to any of the interiorsurfaces of coke ovens.

It will be noted that Iv have :provided a structure that may beada'pted to existing apparatus and which operates automatically in co njtunctio n therewith to effectually remove .lIlltlal or incipient, deposits on the walls of" ly reducesthe travel otherwise required of the pusher machine because of the relatively large number of empty ovens. The number of empty ovens has been reduced and'the production of the battery correspondingly increased. No steam jets are required. The

are no longer brought to red heat as is the case in scurfing the ovensv The foregoing and other advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art relating to coke ovens. It is conceivable that the apparatus embodying my invention may be variously modified and it is understood, therefore, that the scope of my'invention is not limited except as indicated in the claims.

I claim as my invention a 1. The combination with a coke oven, of means reciprocable therein for applying fluid under pressure to portions of the interior walls thereof.

2. The combinationwith a coke oven, of means reciprocable therein for applying fluid under pressure to portions of the interi or thereof, and means for controlling the operation of said fluid-applying means to apply fluid in accordance with its position in said oven.

3. The combination with a coke ovenand a pusher ram therefor, of means carried by said ram for applying fluid under pressure to portions of the'interior walls of said coke oven.

4:. The combination with a coke oven and a pusher ram therefor, of means carried by said ram for applying fluid under pressure to portions of the interior of said coke .oven, and means for automatically controlling the operation of said fluid-applying means to apply fluid in accordance with its position in said coke oven. v i

5. The combination with a coke oven and a pusher ram therefor, ofa nozzle on said ram adapted to operate adjacent to a wall of said coke oven and means for supplying fluid under pressure to said nozzle. 7

6. The combination with a coke oven and a pusher ram therefor, of a nozzle on said ram adapted to operate adjacent to a wall of said coke oven and means automatic-ally controlled in accordance with the longitudi- C5 nal position of said ram relative to said coke life of the standpipes is increased since they under pressure. I7. The combination with a coke oven and oven for supplying-said-nozzle with fluid a pusher machine comprising a ram, of a source of fluid pressure carried by said machine, anozzle carried by said ram and movable adjacent an interior surface of said coke oven, and meansjfor operatively connecting said source to said nozzle.

. r '8. The combination with a coke oven and j a pusher machine comprising a ram, of a source of fluid pressure carried saidmachine, a nozzlecarried by said ram and movable, adjacent an interior surface of said coke oven, means for connecting said source to said nozzle throughout their relative move- 'ments caused by the operation of the ram,

and means for regulating the supply of fluid to said nozzle in accordance with the position of said ram and said nozzle relatively to said coke oven. 1 j V V 9. The combination with a pusher ram for coke ovens, of a nozzle on said ram and means automatically controlled in'accordance with the longitudinal position of said ram relative to said coke ovens for supplying said nozzle with fluid under pressure. i v

10. The combination with a pusher ram for coke ovens and a support therefor on which said ram is mounted for longitudinal movement, of a nozzle on said ram, means comprising a valve for supplying fluid to said nozzle, and'means for automatically. controlling said valve to open and to close it when said ram is in certain predetermined positions relative I to said support. 3 V 11. The combination with a pusher machine for coke ovens comprising a support and a ram mounted for longitudinal movementthereon, of fluid-pressure apparatus comprising a nozzle carried by said ram and means for automatically supplying fluid to said nozzle when said ram occupies a predetermined portion of its path of longitudinal movement.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 11th day of Febru ary, 1927. e

- J. A. LOVETT. 

